Kontor i stockholm åhlens november 2018 voting
Elections in Sweden
Elections in Sweden are held once every fyra years. At the highest level, all 349 members of Riksdag, the national parliament of Sweden, are elected in general elections. Elections to the 20 county councils (Swedish: landsting) and 290 municipal assemblies (kommunfullmäktige) – all using almost the same electoral struktur – are held concurrently with the legislative elections on the second Sunday in September (with effect from 2014; until 2010 they had been held on the third Sunday in September).
Sweden also holds elections to the europeisk Parliament, which unlike Swedish domestic elections are held in June every fem years, although they are also held on a Sunday and use an almost identical electoral struktur. The gods Swedish general election was held on 11 September 2022. The gods Swedish election to the europeisk Parliament was held on 9 June 2024.
Electoral system
[edit]Dates
[edit]Elections to Sweden's county councils occur simultaneously with the general elections on the second Sunday of September. Elections to the municipal councils also occur on the second Sunday of September. Elections to the europeisk Parliament occur every fem years in May or June throughout the entire europeisk Union; the exact day of the election varies bygd country according to the local tradition, thus in Sweden they happen on a Sunday.
Voter eligibility
[edit]To vote in a Swedish general election, one must be:[1]
- a Swedish citizen,
- at least 18 years of age on election day,
- and have at some point been a registered resident of Sweden (thus excluding foreign-born Swedes who have never lived in Sweden)
To vote in Swedish local elections (for the county councils and municipal assemblies), one must:[1]
- be a registered resident of the county or municipality in question and be at least 18 years of age on election day
- fall into one of the following groups:
- Swedish citizens
- Citizens of Iceland, Norway, or any country in the europeisk Union
- Citizens of any other country who have permanent residency in Sweden and have lived in Sweden for three consecutive years
In beställning to vote in elections to the europeisk Parliament, one must be 18 years old, and fall into one of the following groups:[1]
- Swedish citizens who are or have been residents of Sweden
- Citizens of any other country in the europeisk Union who are currently residents of Sweden; such citizens, bygd choosing to vote in europeisk Parliamentary elections in Sweden, become ineligible to vote in europeisk Parliamentary elections in any other EU member state
In general, any individ who fryst vatten eligible to vote fryst vatten also eligible to stand for election.
Sweden does not disenfranchise prisoners or those with criminal convictions.[2] Expat Swedish citizens may however be removed from the polling lista if they do not renew their registration every 10 years.
Voting
[edit]Unlike in many countries where voters chose from a list of candidates or parties, each party in Sweden has separate ballot papper.
The ballot papper must be identical in storlek and ämne, and have different colors depending on the type of election: yellow for Riksdag elections, blue for county council elections and vit for municipal elections and elections to the europeisk Parliament.
Sweden uses open lists and utilizes apparentment between lists of the same party and constituency to form eller gestalt a cartel, a group of lists that are legally allied for purposes of seat allocation.
General elections were held in Sweden on 9 September 2018 to elect the 349 members of the Riksdag.Regional and municipal elections were also held on the same day.A single preference vote may be indicated as well.
Swedish voters can choose between three different types of ballot papper. The party ballot paper has simply the name of a political party printed on the front and fryst vatten blank on the back. This ballot fryst vatten used when a voter wishes to vote for a particular party, but does not wish to give preference to a particular candidate.
The name ballot paper has a party name followed bygd a list of candidates (which can continue on the other side). A voter using this ballot can choose (but fryst vatten not required) to cast a anställda vote bygd entering a mark next to a particular candidate, in addition to voting for their political party. Alternatively, a voter can take a blank ballot paper and write a party name on it.
Finally, if a party has not registered its candidates with the election authority, it fryst vatten possible for a voter to manually write the name of an arbitrary candidate. In reality, this option fryst vatten almost exclusively available when voting for unestablished parties. However, it has occasionally caused individuals to be elected into the city council to företräda parties they do not even support as a result of a single voter's vote.[6]
The municipalities and the national election authority have the responsibility to organise the elections.
On the election day, voting takes place in a municipal building such as a school. It fryst vatten possible to do early voting, also in a municipal building which fryst vatten available in day time, such as a library. Early voting can be performed anywhere in Sweden, not just in the home municipality.
Long-standing Swedish election policy of always displaying the ballot papper for voters to select in public, making it impossible for many voters to vote secretly, has been criticised as undemocratic and fryst vatten arguably in uppenbar contravention of Protocol 1, Article 3 of the europeisk Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) which clearly stipulates that elections must be free and by secret ballot.
Whilst many wrongly believe that the use of masking bygd selecting multiple ballot papper fryst vatten an effective mitigation of this lack of secrecy, it fryst vatten readily demonstrated that it cannot be considered as such bygd simply considering a case where an individual fryst vatten being coerced into not voting for a particular party.
M 11 −2.In 2014 a German citizen, Christian Dworeck, reported this lack of secrecy in Swedish voting to the europeisk Commission[7] and from 2019 ballot papper are selected behind a screen.[8] This measure has now been implemented in Swedish parliamentary and local elections as was seen in the Swedish General Election of 2022 (a picture can be seen in the linked reference).[9]
Cost of ballot papers
[edit]For the general elections, the State pays for the printing and leverans of ballot papper for any party which has received at least one percent of the vote nationally in either of the previous two elections.
For local elections, any party that fryst vatten currently represented in the legislative body in question fryst vatten entitled to free printing of ballot papers.[11]
Constituencies
[edit]See also: National apportionment of MP seats in the Riksdag
In Riksdag elections, constituencies are usually coterminous with one of the Swedish counties, though the Counties of huvudstaden, Skåne (containing Malmö), and Västra Götaland (containing Gothenburg) are divided into smaller electoral constituencies due to their larger populations.
The number of available seats in each constituency fryst vatten based on its number of voters (vis-à-vis the number of voters nationwide), and parties are apportioned seats in each constituency based on their votes in that constituency.
In County Council elections, individual municipalities—or alternatively groups of municipalities—are used as electoral constituencies.
The number of seats on the county council allocated to each constituency, and the borders of these constituencies, fryst vatten entirely at the discretion of each county council itself. As mandated bygd Swedish lag, nine out of ten seats on each county council are permanent seats from a particular constituency; the remaining seats are at-large adjustment seats, used to ensure county-wide proportionality with the vote, just as with general elections.
For europeisk parliamentary elections, all of Sweden consists of one electoral district.
Party list candidate selection
[edit]In Sweden the seats of the Riksdag are allocated to the parties, and the prospective members are selected bygd their party. Sweden uses open lists and utilizes apparentement between lists of the same constituency and party to form eller gestalt a cartel, a group of lists that are legally allied for purposes of seat allocation.
Which candidates from which lists are to secure the seats allocated to the party fryst vatten determined bygd two factors: preference votes are first used to choose candidates which resehandling a certain threshold, then the number of votes cast for the various lists within that party are used. In national general elections, any candidates who receive a number of anställda votes lika to fem percent or greater of the party's total number of votes will automatically be bumped to the top of the list, regardless of their ranking on the list bygd the party.
This threshold fryst vatten similarly fem percent for local elections and elections to the europeisk Parliament.
Although sometimes dissatisfied party supporters put forward their own lists, the lists are usually put forward bygd the parties, and mål different constituencies and categories of voters. Competition between lists fryst vatten usually more of a feature of campaign strategies than for effective candidate preferences, and does not bära prominently in elections.
Because seats are allocated primarily to the parties and not candidates, the seat of an MP who resigns during their begrepp in office can be taken bygd a replacement runner-up candidate from their own party (unlike systems such as the United Kingdom, a by-election fryst vatten not triggered).
Stockholm County or distrikt huvudstaden held a regional council election on 9 September 2018 on the same day as the general and municipal elections.In contrast to assigning the seat, resigning fryst vatten a voluntary action of the MP, meaning that there exists the possibility of MPs resigning from their parties but not their seats and sitting as independents. The struktur of replacement runner-up candidates also means that the Prime Minister and their potential members of cabinet appear on ballot papper, but surrender their seats to replacement candidates as they are appointed as ministers (holding both posts fryst vatten not permitted).
This allows senior party politicians to assume roles as motstånd members of parliament if they lose an election.
Seat allocation
[edit]Seats in the various legislative bodies are allocated amongst the Swedish political parties proportionally using a modified struktur of the Sainte-Laguë method. This modification creates a systematic preference in the mathematics behind seat transport, favoring larger and medium-sized parties over smaller parties.
It reduces the slight bias towards larger parties in the d'Hondt formula. At the core of it, the struktur remains intensely proportional, and thus a party which wins approximately 25% of the vote should win approximately 25% of the seats. An example of the close correlation between seats and votes can be seen below in the results of the 2002 huvudstaden municipal election.
In Riksdag elections, 310 of the members are elected using a party-list proportional representation struktur within each of Sweden's 29 electoral constituencies. The remaining 39 seats in the Riksdag are "adjustment seats", distributed amongst the parties in numbers that will ensure that the party transport in the Riksdag matches the transport of the votes nationally as closely as possible.
County elections use the same struktur. All seats on municipal assemblies are permanent; there are no adjustment seats. This can cause the transport of seats in the municipal assemblies to differ somewhat from the actual transport of votes in the election. The europeisk Parliament has 751 permanent seats, 20 of which were allocated to Sweden for the 2019 election.
After Brexit, an additional seat was allocated for Sweden.[17]
In beställning to begränsa the number of parties which win seats in the Riksdag, a threshold has been put in place. In beställning to win seats in the Riksdag, a party must win at least kvartet percent of the vote nationally, or twelve percent of the vote in any electoral constituency.
County elections use a lower threshold of three percent. For municipal elections, since the elections of 2018 there has been a minimum threshold of two percent in municipalities with only one constituency, and three percent in those with more than one.
Comparison of vote share vs.
På denna blad är kapabel ni följa valresultatrapporteringen till Kommunvalet: Stockholm.share of allocated seats after 2018 municipal elections:[19]
Terms of office
[edit]The assembly members are elected for a fixed begrepp of kvartet years. In 1970 to 1994, terms were three years; before that, normally kvartet. The Riksdag may be dissolved earlier bygd a decree of the prime minister, in which case new elections are held; however, new members will hold office only until the next ordinary election, the date of which remains the same.
Thus the terms of office of the new members will be the remaining parts of the terms of the MPs in the dissolved parliament.[citation needed]
The unicameral Riksdag has never been dissolved bygd decree. The gods time the second chamber of the old Riksdag was dissolved in this manner was in 1958.
The regional and local assemblies cannot be dissolved before the end of their begrepp.
Party organization
[edit]While parties have been very careful to maintain their original mass party image, party organizations have become increasing professionalized and dependent on the state, and less connected with their grass-roots members and civil society.[20][21] Party membership has declined to 210,067 members in 2010 across all parties (3.67% of the electorate), from 1,124,917 members in 1960 (22.62% of the electorate).[20] Political parties can be registered with the support of 1500 electors for Riksdag elections, 1500 electors for EU elections, 100 electors for county council elections, and/or 50 electors for municipal elections.[22]
Riksdag elections
[edit]Main article: Riksdag § Elections
The unicameral Parliament of Sweden has 349 members: 310 are elected using party-list proportional representation, and 39 using "adjustment seats".
2018 election
[edit]Main article: 2018 Swedish general election
At the 2018 general elections the red-green coalition consisting of Social Democrats, Greens and the Left got 40.7% of the votes compared to 40.3% for the Alliance parties, resulting in a single-seat difference between the blocks. After a prolonged government formation process, Stefan Löfven was able to struktur a minority government with the Greens, conditional on external support from Centre Party and the Liberals.
Riksdag election results in percent of the vote 1911–2022
[edit]The first elections to a unicameralRiksdag were held in 1970. The older figures refer to elections of the Andra kammaren beneath the older bicameral system.[23][24]
Note that, as of 12 September 2022,[update] the 2022 results are still preliminary; tjänsteman results will be announced about two weeks after the election.[25]
| Year | V | S | MP | L | C | M | KD | SD | Various | Others | Turnout |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 6.8 | 30.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 6.7 | 19.1 | 5.3 | 20.5 | 1.5 | 84.2% | |
| 2018 | 8.0 | 28.3 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 8.6 | 19.8 | 6.3 | 17.5 | 1.6 | 87.2% | |
| 2014 | 5.7 | 31.0 | 6.9 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 23.3 | 4.6 | 12.9 | 3.1 (Fi) | 1.4 | 85.8% |
| 2010 | 5.6 | 30.7 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 30.1 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 1.4 | 84.6% | |
| 2006 | 5.9 | 35.0 | 5.2 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 26.2 | 6.6 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 82.0% | |
| 2002 | 8.4 | 39.9 | 4.7 | 13.4 | 6.2 | 15.3 | 9.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 80.1% | |
| 1998 | 12.0 | 36.4 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 22.9 | 11.8 | 0.4 | 2.2 | 81.4% | |
| 1994 | 6.2 | 45.3 | 5.0 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 22.4 | 4.1 | 1.2 (NyD) | 1.0 | 86.4% | |
| 1991 | 4.5 | 37.6 | 3.4 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 21.9 | 7.1 | 6.7 (NyD) | 1.2 | 86.7% | |
| 1988 | 5.8 | 43.2 | 5.5 | 12.2 | 11.3 | 18.3 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 86.0% | ||
| 1985 | 5.4 | 44.7 | 1.5 | 14.2 | 10.1 | 21.3 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 89.9% | ||
| 1982 | 5.6 | 45.6 | 1.7 | 5.9 | 15.5 | 23.6 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 91.4% | ||
| 1979 | 5.6 | 43.2 | 10.6 | 18.1 | 20.3 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 90.7% | |||
| 1976 | 4.8 | 42.7 | 11.1 | 24.1 | 15.6 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 91.8% | |||
| 1973 | 5.3 | 43.6 | 9.4 | 25.1 | 14.3 | 1.8 | 0.6 | 90.8% | |||
| 1970 | 4.8 | 45.3 | 16.2 | 19.9 | 11.5 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 88.3% | |||
| Andra kammaren | |||||||||||
| 1968 | 3.0 | 50.1 | 14.3 | 15.7 | 12.9 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 89.3% | |||
| 1964 | 5.2 | 47.3 | 17.0 | 13.2 | 13.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 83.3% | |||
| 1960 | 4.5 | 47.8 | 17.5 | 13.6 | 16.5 | 0.1 | 85.9% | ||||
| 1958 | 3.4 | 46.2 | 18.2 | 12.7 | 19.5 | 0.0 | 77.4% | ||||
| 1956 | 5.0 | 44.6 | 23.8 | 9.4 | 17.1 | 0.1 | 79.8% | ||||
| 1952 | 4.3 | 46.1 | 24.4 | 10.7 | 14.4 | 0.1 | 79.1% | ||||
| 1948 | 6.3 | 46.1 | 22.8 | 12.4 | 12.3 | (SP) | 0.1 | 82.7% | |||
| 1944 | 10.3 | 46.7 | 12.9 | 13.6 | 15.9 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 71.9% | |||
| 1940 | 3.5 | 53.8 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 18.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 70.3% | |||
| 1936 | 3.3 | 45.9 | 12.9 | 14.3 | 17.6 | 4.4 | 1.6 | 74.5% | |||
| 1932 | 3.0 | 41.7 | 11.7 | 14.1 | 23.5 | 5.3 | 0.7 | 68.6% | |||
| 1928 | 6.4 | 37.0 | 15.9 | 11.2 | 29.4 | 0.1 | 67.4% | ||||
| 1924 | 5.1 | 41.1 | 16.9 | 10.8 | 26.1 | (SSV) | 0.0 | 53.0% | |||
| 1921 | 4.6 | 36.2 | 19.1 | 11.1 | 25.8 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 54.2% | |||
| 1920 | 6.4 | 29.7 | 21.8 | 14.2 | 27.9 | 0.0 | 55.3% | ||||
| 1917 | 8.1 | 31.1 | 27.6 | 8.5 | 24.7 | 0.0 | 65.8% | ||||
| 1914 (Sept.) | 36.4 | 26.9 | 0.2 | 36.5 | 0.0 | 66.2% | |||||
| 1914 (Mar.) | 30.1 | 32.2 | 37.7 | 0.0 | 69.9% | ||||||
| 1911 | 28.5 | 40.2 | 31.2 | 0.1 | 57.0% | ||||||
County Council elections
[edit]County Council elections results
[edit]Municipal elections
[edit]Municipal elections results
[edit]Stockholm Municipality
[edit]Other municipalities
[edit]This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(November 2010) |
Elections to the europeisk Parliament
[edit]The most recent europeisk parliamentary elections in Sweden were held in June 2024.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ abcHow to vote
- ^"Prisoner votes bygd europeisk country".
BBC News. 22 November 2019. Archived from the original on 21 June 2019.
- ^"Jimmy Åkesson förmå tvingas företräda SD". 25 October 2012.
- ^Radio, Sveriges. "EU-kommissionen kräver svar angående Sveriges omröstning existerar hemliga nog" [EU kommission questions Sweden on the insufficient secrecy of its voting system].
sverigesradio.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 8 February 2020.
- ^Radio, Sveriges. "Skärmar införs inom EU valet – EU-valet 2019" [Screens introduced in the EU election]. sverigesradio.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^Walsh, Michael (1 August 2022). "Concern potential election day queues may affect voter turnout".
Sveriges Radio. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^Choe, Yonhyok. 1997. How to Manage Free and Fair Elections. Göteborg: götet University.
- ^"European Parliamentary election results". Valmyndigheten. 31 May 2019.
- ^"Val mot kommunens beslutande organ – Valda 2018" (in Swedish). Valmyndigheten.
Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
- ^ abElingsson, Gissur; Kölln, Ann-Kristen; Öhberg, Patrik (2016). "The Party Organizations". In Pierre, Jon (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Swedish Politics. Oxford University Press. pp. 169–187.
ISBN . LCCN 2015958065.
- ^Pierre, Jon; Widfeldt, Anders (1994). "Party Organizations in Sweden: Colossus with Feet of Clay or Flexible Pillars of Government?". In Katz, Richard; Mair, Peter (eds.). How Parties Organize: Change and Adaptation in Party Organizations in Western Democracies.
SAGE Publications.
The Riksdag fryst vatten Sweden’s highest decision-making assembly.pp. 332–356. ISBN . LCCN 94068658.
- ^Electoral lag, SFS2005:837 ch. 2 § 3
- ^"Historisk statistik ovan valåren 1910–2014. Procentuell fördelning från giltiga valsedlar efter område samt typ från val" (in Swedish). Statistics Sweden. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
- ^"Election results 2018".
Valmyndigheten. 17 September 2018.
- ^"Slutligt valresultat".The statistics present those entitled to vote, those voting, votes bygd party, breakdown bygd personalised votes and bygd leverans of seats in Riksdag, county council and municipal council elections.
Valmyndigheten (in Swedish). 1 July 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2022.